Sneha · 24 · Software engineer, first year out of college

Sneha just got her first Form 16 from HR. The email said something about "you should file your ITR by July 31". She opened the IT portal, saw 14 menu items, and immediately wanted to ask her dad.

Don't ask your dad. Read this instead — by the end, you'll file in 30 minutes flat.

🪙 In 60 seconds
  • Most salaried people file ITR-1 (salary + 1 house + interest). Sneha will use this.
  • Deadline: 31 July (for non-audit cases). Late fee: ₹1,000–₹5,000.
  • What you need: Form 16, Form 26AS / AIS, bank statements, investment proofs.
  • Where: incometax.gov.in — completely free.

So, do you actually have to file?

You must file ITR if any of these is true for you:

👉 Your gross income (before deductions) is more than ₹2.5 lakh (₹3L for seniors, ₹5L for super seniors)
👉 You're claiming a TDS refund (tax was cut but you owe less)
👉 You spent over ₹2 lakh on foreign travel, or have foreign assets
👉 You deposited > ₹1 cr in current accounts or ₹50L in savings during the year
👉 You earned even ₹1 from capital gains (shares, MF, crypto)

💡 File even if you don't have to

Filing creates a record of your income — super useful for loans, visas, credit cards later. And if TDS was deducted, you might be owed a refund. Sneha's company cut ₹38,000 TDS through the year. After her deductions, she'll get most of it back.

Pick the right form (it's easier than it sounds)

There are 7 ITR forms. You'll use exactly one. For 80% of salaried people, that's ITR-1 Sahaj.

ITR-1 Sahaj

For most salaried

Salary + 1 house + interest from FD / savings. Income up to ₹50L. Sneha picks this.

ITR-2

Capital gains added

Above + shares / MF / crypto gains, more than 1 house, foreign assets. No business income.

ITR-3

Business / profession

Real books of accounts — partners, full-time freelancers above presumptive limit.

ITR-4 Sugam

Presumptive scheme

Small businesses (44AD), professionals (44ADA), freight (44AE). Income up to ₹50L.

What Sneha needs in hand before starting

The 30-minute filing journey

Here's exactly what Sneha is about to do. You can follow along on your own portal screen.

1
Login to incometax.gov.in PAN as user ID · first time? click Register first
2
Pre-fill from AIS e-File → Income Tax Returns → File ITR · pick AY, mode Online
3
Pick your regime — old or new The most important choice. See our regime guide
4
Add your deductions (old regime only) 80C investments, HRA, home loan interest, health insurance
5
Verify the tax computation Refund? Balance to pay? Cross-check with Form 16.
6
Submit + e-verify within 30 days 🎉 Aadhaar OTP / net banking / EVC. Without verification, the return is invalid.
⚠️ The 30-day verification trap

People submit the ITR and forget to verify. The return then sits as "filed but not verified" — legally invalid. Verify within 30 days of submission or your filing is dead. Sneha set a phone reminder for the same day.

The deadlines you can't dodge

📅
Individuals (non-audit) 31 July
📅
Audit cases (firms / cos.) 31 October
📅
Belated return (with fee) 31 December
📅
Updated return (ITR-U) Up to 24 months

Late fees (Section 234F)

👉 Income > ₹5L: ₹5,000 late fee · 👉 Income ≤ ₹5L: ₹1,000 late fee · 👉 Income below taxable limit: no fee, but you lose the right to carry forward losses.

Filing on time isn't about avoiding the ₹1,000 late fee. It's about keeping the option to claim refunds, carry forward losses, and prove your income for the next 8 years.

— Every CA, ever

Quick answers

Yes, 100% free on incometax.gov.in. Third-party platforms (ClearTax, Tax2win, etc.) charge for convenience features. A CA charges for advice and review.

Usually 1–4 weeks after e-verification. Some refunds clear in 7 days. If 60+ days have passed, raise a grievance on the portal.

File a revised return under Section 139(5) any time before 31 December of the AY. Free, unlimited times.

That's a deductor error. Contact the deductor (employer / bank) to correct. Don't file with wrong data — you'll get notices later.

ITR-3 (or ITR-4 if presumptive 44ADA applies). See our ITR for freelancers guide.

Want a real expert to file your ITR?

Every deduction. Right regime. Refund tracked. Fixed-fee.

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